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Film / Movie
Special Notes:
- Provide the director in the author element of the reference, followed by the notation: (Director).
- Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
- As in all references, if the original title of the work is a language different from that of the paper you are writing, provide a translation of the title in square brackets after the title and before the bracketed description and period.
- It is not necessary to specify how you watched a film (in a theater, streaming, DVD). However, if your version is a special instance (like a director's cut or extended version), it is helpful to include that information after the video type: for example [Film, Director's Cut on DVD]
Examples:
Material Type |
Work Cited Example |
Movie / Video |
Whedon, J. (Director). (2005). Serenity [Film], Universal Pictures.
Bondarchuk, S. (Director). (1966). Voyna i mir [War and Peace] [Film, Limited Edition on DVD], Mosfilm; Continental Distributing.
|
Television / Web Series / Videos
Special Notes:
- For a series as a whole, provide the producer in the author element of the reference, followed by the notation: (Producer). or (Executive Producer).
- If a series spans multiple years, include the span: (2005-2008). or (2018 - present).
- For an episode, provide the writer and director in the author element of the reference, followed by the notation: (Writer) and (Director).
- Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
- The episode citation ALSO INCLUDES the series information. Look closely at the example for formatting changes.)
- YouTube:
- Use the name of the account as the author. If the account did not create the video
- look for the creator's website, channel, or official source
- or explain in your written text who the creator is if it important for readers to know
- Provide the specific date the video was uploaded.
- Italicize the name of the video.
- TED Talk videos have some special rules:
- If it's from the TED website, list the speaker as the author
- If it's on YouTube, list the owner of the YouTube account as the author (yes, even when it is TED).
Examples:
Material Type |
Work Cited Example |
TV Series as a Whole |
Whedon, J., & Minear, T. (Executive Producers). (2002). Firefly [TV series], Mutual Enemy Productions; 20th Century Fox Television.
|
TV Episode of a Series |
Minear, T. (Writer), & Solomon, D. (Director). (2002). Out of gas (Season 1, Episode 8) [TV series episode]. In J. Whedon & T. Minear (Executive Producers), Firefly. Mutual Enemy Productions; 20th Century Fox Television. |
Webisode |
Baur, B., & Tolmay, T. (Writers), & Marchbank, T. J. (Director). (2016). Meet Max and Faye (Season 1, Episode 1) [Web series episode]. YouTube. In B. Baur & T. Tolmay (Creators), #Adulting. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/c/AdultingWebSeries |
Video (YouTube, Vimeo, etc) |
Denning, P. (2020, October 22.). Videos for cats ~ the forest bird table [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2X2xYSFW6a8
geoffmobile. (2014, April 6). Rylee and other dogs playing at Emery Barnes Park in Yaletown, Vancouver [Video]. Vimeo. https://www.vimeo.com/watch?v=C_cVR-9y1X0
|
TED Talk |
Buffington, T. (2017, September 17). Why do cats act so weird? [Video]. TED-Ed. https://www.ted.com/talks/tony_buffington_why_do_cats_act_so_weird?language=en
TEDx Talks. (2020, January 10). Zibby Lindholm: How to get up in the morning [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-RGg4puMOM
|
Audio
Special Notes:
Music
- Use the name of the artist or group as the author
- It is not necessary to list how you listened to an album (Spotify, CD, iTunes, etc).
- Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
- As in all references, if the original title of the work is a language different from that of the paper you are writing, provide a translation of the title in square brackets after the title and before the bracketed description and period.)
- If a song has no associated album, omit that part of the reference.
Podcasts:
- Use the host of the podcast as the author
- With the Podcast format, include if it is audio or video
- If the URL is unknown (from an app) omit this part
Examples:
Material Type |
Work Cited Example |
Music album / CD |
Jones, H. (1984). Human's Lib [Album]. WEA/Elektra. |
Single song or track |
Jones, H. (1984). What is love? [Song]. On Human's Lib. WEA/Elektra. |
Podcast |
Asbrink, H. (Host). (2020 - present). Table Talk [Audio podcast]. Chowhound. https://www.chowhound.com/food-news/table-talk-podcast/ |
Single Podcast episode |
Asbrink, H. (Host). (2020, March 5). Why you shouldn't snooze on whole grains. [Audio podcast episode].In Table Talk. Chowhound. https://www.chowhound.com/food-news/257428/maria-speck-simply-ancient-grains-chowhounds-table-talk-podcast/ |
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