APA 7 Resource Center: Audio/Visual Media

Special Notes:

• Provide the director in the author element of the reference, followed by the notation: (Director).
• Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
• As in all references, if the original title of the work is a language different from that of the paper you are writing, provide a translation of the title in square brackets after the title and before the bracketed description and period.
• It is not necessary to specify how you watched a film (in a theater, streaming, DVD). However, if your version is a special instance (like a director's cut or extended version), it is helpful to include that information after the video type: for example [Film, Director's Cut on DVD]

Examples:

Special Notes:

• For a series as a whole, provide the producer in the author element of the reference, followed by the notation: (Producer). or (Executive Producer).
• If a series spans multiple years, include the span: (2005-2008).  or (2018 - present).
• For an episode, provide the writer and director in the author element of the reference, followed by the notation: (Writer) and (Director).
• Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
• The episode citation ALSO INCLUDES the series information. Look closely at the example for formatting changes.)
• YouTube:
  • Use the name of the account as the author. If the account did not create the video
    • look for the creator's website, channel, or official source
    • or explain in your written text who the creator is if it important for readers to know
  • Provide the specific date the video was uploaded.
  • Italicize the name of the video.
• TED Talk videos have some special rules: 
  • If it's from the TED website, list the speaker as the author
  • If it's on YouTube, list the owner of the YouTube account as the author (yes, even when it is TED).

Examples:

Special Notes:

Music

• Use the name of the artist or group as the author
• It is not necessary to list how you listened to an album (Spotify, CD, iTunes, etc).
• Provide the production company or companies in the source element of the reference. Separate multiple production companies with a semicolon.
• As in all references, if the original title of the work is a language different from that of the paper you are writing, provide a translation of the title in square brackets after the title and before the bracketed description and period.)
• If a song has no associated album, omit that part of the reference.

Podcasts:

• Use the host of the podcast as the author
• With the Podcast format, include if it is audio or video
• If the URL is unknown (from an app) omit this part

Examples: