Anatomy & Physiology OER

Link to chapter nine in the OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e book.

Chapter nine PowerPoint slideshow with close-captioned recorded lecture.

Link to a video on the physiology of cartilage of the muscular-skeletal system.

Link to a website showing an interactive radiograph of a child's wrist.

Ligaments, tendons, and joints physiology of the muscular-skeletal system.

Link to a video where you can see an animation of synovial joints in action. Synovial joints are places where bones articulate with each other inside of a joint cavity. The different types of synovial joints are the ball-and-socket joint (shoulder joint), hinge joint (knee), pivot joint (atlantoaxial joint, between C1 and C2 vertebrae of the neck), condyloid joint (radiocarpal joint of the wrist), saddle joint (first carpometacarpal joint, between the trapezium carpal bone and the first metacarpal bone, at the base of the thumb), and plane joint (facet joints of vertebral column, between superior and inferior articular processes).

Link to a Webpage with a scenario about a patient who arrives at the hospital with joint pain and weakness in his legs.

Link to a webpage with a video showing hip replacement surgery (total hip arthroplasty), which can be used to alleviate the pain and loss of joint mobility associated with osteoarthritis of the hip joint.

Link to a webpage with a video about the symptoms and treatments for rheumatoid arthritis.

Link to a video where you can learn about anatomical motions.

Link to a video where you can learn about TMJ. Opening of the mouth requires the combination of two motions at the temporomandibular joint, an anterior gliding motion of the articular disc and mandible and the downward hinging of the mandible.

Link to a video tutorial of the shoulder joint/glenohumeral joint.

Link to a video where you can learn more about the anatomy of the shoulder joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.

Link to a video where you can learn more about the anatomy of the elbow joint.

Link to a video where you can learn more about the anatomy of the elbow joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.

Link to a video tutorial on the hip joint.

Link to a video where you can learn more about the anatomy of the hip joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.

Link to a video where you can learn more about the flexion and extension of the knee, as the femur both rolls and glides on the tibia to maintain stable contact between the bones in all knee positions. The patella glides along a groove on the anterior side of the distal femur. The collateral ligaments on the sides of the knee become tight in the fully extended position to help stabilize the knee. The posterior cruciate ligament supports the knee when flexed and the anterior cruciate ligament becomes tight when the knee comes into full extension to resist hyperextension.

Link to a video where you can learn more about the anatomy of the knee joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.

Link to a video where you can learn more about different knee injuries and diagnostic testing of the knee.

Link to a video tutorial on the ankle joint.

Link to a video where you can learn more about the anatomy of the ankle joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels.

Link to a video where you can learn more about the ligaments of the ankle joint, ankle sprains, and treatment. During an inversion ankle sprain injury, all three ligaments that resist excessive inversion of the foot may be injured.