Citations make more sense when you understand why we cite our sources in scholarly research and writing.
Definitions:
doi= digital object identifier. You format them like this: https://doi.org/weirddoiniumbergoeshere. This is like a social security number for a source. If you have this, you use it over everything else.
Volume and Issue = These help you find an article within a journal. Journals contain multiple articles, and journals may publish monthly or quarterly. These are helpful if you need to track down a journal in print. Some medical journals like The Lancet have been publishing since the 1800s.
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GENERAL FORMAT |
Author A. A., Author B. B., & Author C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, VolumeNumber (IssueNumber), PageNumberSpan. https://doi.org/xx.xxxxxxx |
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GENERAL FORMAT |
Author A. A., Author B. B., & Author C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, VolumeNumber (IssueNumber), PageNumberSpan. URL/permalink |
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Article with DOI |
Morey, C. C., Cong, Y., Zheng, Y., Price, M., & Morey, R. D. (2015). The color-sharing bonus: Roles of perceptual organization and attentive processes in visual working memory. Archives of Scientific Psychology, 3, 18–29. https://doi.org/10.1037/arc0000014 |
| Article from Library Database (no DOI) | Horne, J., Knox D., Zusman, J., and Zusman, M. E. (2007). Tattoos and piercings: Attitudes, behaviors, and interpretations of college students. College Student Journal, 41(4), 1011-1020. |
| Article in Public Domain or E-Journal | Church, D. M., et al. (2009). Lineage-specific biology revealed by a finished genome assembly of the mouse. PloS Biology, 7(5), e1000112. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1000112 |
| Newspaper article | Kristof, K. M. (2009). New student repayment plan is based on borrower’s income. Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-perfin5-2009jul05,0,4774835.column |
| A webpage on a website |
Schaeffer, K. (2021, October 1). What we know about online learning and the homework gap amid the pandemic. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/10/01/what-we-know-about-online-learning-and-the-homework-gap-amid-the-pandemic/ Common Mistake: Using this example before checking whether your source is a journal article or an ebook. Remember, you would cite Wikipedia as an encyclopedia. |
| GENERAL FORMAT (print) |
Author A. A., Author B. B., & Author C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, VolumeNumber (IssueNumber), PageNumberSpan. |
| Journal article | Wood, S. N., & Quackenbush, K. (2001). The sorcerer's stone: A touchstone for readers of all ages. English Journal, 90(3), 97-103. |
| Newspaper article | Kristof, K. M. (2009, November 1). New student repayment plan is based on borrower’s income. Los Angeles Times 50(2), 3. |
| Magazine article | Mnookin, S. (2006). The Da Vinci clone? Vanity Fair 3(1), 100-148. |
| Book Review | Olsen, M. (2017) Collecting the core. [Review of the book Historical and Critical Dictionary by P. Bayle]. Against the Grain, 29(3), 34. |
| Article with no author | Education in America and Britain: Learning lessons from private schools. (2009). Economist, 11(4). 20. |
